Characters in Hamlet and Young Hamlet

The topic of retribution is an essential wellspring of friction among the characters in Hamlet. Retribution influences every individual who is demanding it and those present around them. Specifically, Hamlet, Laertes, and Claudius’s revenge prompts their downfall. William Shakespeare's Hamlet can be characterized as a retribution catastrophe. In Shakespeare's Hamlet, the peruser sees a respectable, chivalrous focal character that is devastated in light of the fact that a deformity in his character either makes him include himself in conditions which overwhelm him, or make him unequipped for managing a dangerous circumstance brought about by another character or by conditions. The play closes with the passing of the focal character. Be that as it may, before he kicks the bucket, he accomplishes experiences which make him a more keen individual than he was the point at which the play started. This focal character, Hamlet, shows his adoration legitimately and in a roundabout way to the peruser. Hamlet is respectable in birth and individual, a sovereign of remarkable knowledge: and, as the activity of the play demonstrates, he is courageous. His deformity (uncertainty, over the top creative mind, unreasonableness, frenzy, and so forth ) keep him from holding onto control of the world Claudius has made. His passing shuts the play, yet simply after he encounters and communicates enlightenments about human life and demise. After Hamlet's Father kicked the bucket, it cast an undesirable and overwhelming cloud upon Hamlet's spirit. All through the play Hamlet discovers that his Father's demise was no misstep, yet it was Hamlet's Uncle's arrangement to kill him. This, obviously, tosses an a lot bigger weight on all fours multi year old ruler looks for retribution constantly. Hamlet gained from the apparition of his Father about the selling out Claudius had arranged. The phantom of his Father instructs him to â€Å"Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder,† Act 1, Scene 3; Line 74]. He additionally coordinates Hamlet away from murdering his Mother. Retribution makes the characters in Hamlet act aimlessly through outrage and feeling, instead of through explanation. It depends on the guideline of tit for tat; this activity isn't generally the best unfortunate obligation. Fortinbras, Laertes, and Hamlet were all hoping to retaliate for the passings of their Fathers. They all followed up on feeling driven by the need of retribution concerning their Father's demises, and this prompted the defeat of two, and the ascent to intensity of one. Since the head authority figures of the three significant families were each killed, the oldest children of these families felt that they expected to make a move to retaliate for their Father's demises. This need to carry respect to their individual families was at last the destruction of Laertes and Hamlet. Right off the bat, Hamlet shows outrage toward his Uncle, King Claudius for wedding his Mother, Queen Gertrude, so rapidly after the sad passing of his Father, King Hamlet. Be that as it may, the primary wellspring of his annoyance starts with his sentiments of loathe for his Mother who decided to wed Claudius so not long after her own husbands’ demise. Hamlet continually permits this occurrence to brood in him and overrule each other idea and move he makes. Hamlet is persuaded that the degree of anguish he feels for his Father’s demise is the standard that everybody around him ought to be following. Since Gertrude doesn't communicate a similar force of distress that Hamlet does, he is left enraged at her and those in comparative standing. ‘Tis not the only one my inky shroud, great mother, Nor standard suits of serious dark, Nor breezy suspiration of constrained breath, No, nor the productive waterway in the eye, Nor the despondent haviour of the visage†¦Ã¢â‚¬  [Act 1, Scene 2; lines 77-86]. Furthermore, King Hamlet’s apparition imparts to Hamlet the reason for his passing and how his killer, Claudius, tempted Gertrude even before his demise. â€Å" ’Tis given out that, staying in bed mine plantation, A snake stung me; so the entire ear of Denmark Is by a manufactured procedure of my death,† [Act I, Scene 5; lines 35-37]. â€Å"The snake that stung thy father’s life Now wears his crown. [Act 1, Scene 5; lines 39-40]. â€Å"O underhanded mind and endowments, that have the force So to lure! †won to his despicable desire The desire of my most appearing to be ethical queen;† [Act 1, Scene 5; lines 45-47]. By and by, the phantom cautions Hamlet to disregard Queen Gertrude, to slaughter Claudius yet not hurt her. â€Å"Taint not thy mind, nor let thy soul think up Against thy mother nothing; leave her to heaven,† [Act 1, Scene 5; lines 86-87]. Because of the ghost’s news Hamlet doesn't make a move in a split second, yet rather, records the occasion in his diary indicating a captivating character trademark. Curiously, there were three significant families in the deplorability of Hamlet. These were the group of King Fortinbras, the group of Polonius, and the group of King Hamlet. Fortinbras, King of Norway, was murdered by King Hamlet; killed by blade during a man-to-man fight. â€Å"†¦ Lost by his dad, with all obligations of law, to our most valiant sibling. â€Å"[Act 1, Scene 2; lines 24-25]. This qualified King Hamlet for the land that was controlled by Fortinbras on the grounds that it was written in a fixed minimized. Moreover, Hamlet is delayed to act concerning murdering Claudius yet he acts carelessly, without intuition. He is given various chances to slaughter Claudius however doesn't take those risks, which bring about Hamlet being the killer in the inadvertent demise of Polonius. Polonius was a counselor to the King, and Father to Laertes and Ophelia. He was certainly a nosy Father who didn't confide in his kids, and at one point in the play, utilized his little girl to test Hamlet. Youthful Hamlet executed Polonius while he was subtly tuning in on a discussion among Hamlet and his Mother. â€Å"How now! A rodent? Dead, for a ducat, dead! â€Å"[Act 3, Scene 4; Line 25]. Lord Hamlet of Denmark slaughtered King Fortinbras, just to be murdered by his sibling, Claudius. â€Å"†¦ My offense is rank, it scents to high paradise; A sibling's murder†¦ † Each of these occasions influenced the children of the expired similarly. Laertes found his Father's passing, and promptly got back. He defied King Claudius and blamed him for the homicide of his Father. Claudius revealed to Laertes that Hamlet was answerable for his Father's passing. Laertes makes a move, choosing to plan and murder Hamlet so as to retaliate for the passing of his Father. Furthermore, he and Claudius come up with a plot to execute Hamlet. â€Å"I will do’t: And for that reason I’ll bless my blade. I purchased an unction of a charlatan, So mortal, that however plunge a blade in it, Where it draws blood no cataplasm so rare,† [Act 4, Scene 7; Lines 140-144]. Laertes and Claudius follow with a proposition of a duel to Hamlet, which he acknowledges, despite the fact that he detects a premonition. Hamlet winds up biting the dust of wounds from the harmed tipped blade Laertes utilized. â€Å"†¦ Hamlet, thou craftsmanship slain†¦ the slippery instrument is in thy, unbated and envenom'd†¦ ‘[Act 5, Scene 2; lines 306-313]. All through the play Hamlet continues to attempt to demonstrate his Uncle's blame, and afterward at last murders him while he himself is passing on of harmed wounds exacted by Laertes during their duel. â€Å"The point envenomed as well! At that point venom, to thy work†¦ Here, thou depraved, dangerous, doomed Dane, drink off this elixir, is thy association here? Follow my mom. â€Å"[Act 5, Scene 2; lines 314-315, 317-319]. This left the King dead, and his Father's passing retaliated for, with Gertrude kicking the bucket in the blink of an eye heretofore of the harmed wine she drank as Claudius watched her. â€Å"No, no, the beverage, the beverage! O my dear Hamlet! â€The drink, the beverage! I am poison’d! [Act 5, Scene 2; lines 301-303]. The absence of thought utilized in getting the retribution prompted the passings of Laertes, Hamlet, Claudius and Gertrude. Laertes arranged with Claudius to murder Hamlet with the harmed tipped blade, yet they had not imagined t hat the sword may be utilized against them. With Laertes accepting the King's allegations that Hamlet had killed his Father, he battles Hamlet and wounds him once with the harmed tipped blade. Hamlet continues to twisted Laertes with a similar blade, demanding his demise. Hamlet had numerous odds to slaughter his Uncle, however his fury exceeded his better judgment; and he decided to hold up until he accepted God could see nothing but bad in Claudius, and afterward strike him down into a universe of everlasting punishment. â€Å"Now may I do it pat, presently he is praying†¦ A scalawag slaughters my dad; and for that, I, his sole child, do this equivalent miscreant send to paradise. â€Å"[Act 3, Scene 3, lines 74-98]. Hamlet holds up until he can slaughter his Uncle while he is playing out a wrongdoing yet tragically for Hamlet, his next opportunity to get retribution on Claudius is his own demise. Retribution, being the main thrust in the play Hamlet, is likewise one motivation behind why it is a disaster. Hamlet permits his vengeance for his own equity to turn into his beginning and end, devouring him. It is this wrath that in the end drives him to frenzy and murder. Unexpectedly, Claudius, Laertes, and Hamlet all kicked the bucket of a similar blade. Vengeance was the center quality behind three of the fundamental characters of the play, resulting in every one of their defeats. â€Å"If thou didst ever hold me in thy heart, Absent thee from felicity some time, And in this brutal world draw thy breath in torment, To recount to my story. Act 5, Scene 2; lines 339-342]. The personal responsibility exhibited by Claudius, Laertes and Hamlet caused obliteration in their own lives, which obviously influenced numerous lives around them. Driven by revenge, they didn't consider the influence their resentment would have on themselves or those they cherished. â€Å"Of incidental decis ions, easygoing butchers, Of passings put on by crafty and constrained reason, And, in this end result, purposes mixed up Fall’n on the inventors’ heads: this can I Truly convey. † [Act 5, Scene 2; lines 375-379].

How To Plan Your Next Trade Show Using CoSchedule

Step by step instructions to Plan Your Next Trade Show Using Arranging a public exhibition stall is probably the hardest activity as an advertiser. There are consistently a million quite certain standards + rules to follow†¦ (that fluctuate from public expo to exchange show)†¦Ã°Ã¿â„¢â€ž A thousand arbitrary cutoff times to keep track of†¦. (uh, the stall configuration was expected when once more?) Also, a million things to coordinate†¦ (going from giveaways + greeting pages to the ever-distressing delivery coordinations). The issue? With all these moving pieces plusâ coordinating everything between deals, money, tasks, and your own showcasing group. A portion of those significant subtleties will undoubtedly get missed. *insert fit of anxiety here* Fortunately, with †¦ You can without much of a stretch make a strong technique to design, execute, and track your whole expo through and through! Furthermore, as the one answerable for ensuring the public expo goes off without a hitch†¦ You can breathe a sigh of relief realizing each assignment will get completed†¦ Zero subtleties will get missed†¦ What's more, you’ll never miss a cutoff time. Since with , you’ve got everything leveled out. Let’s plunge into how you can do it in 4 simple advances. ðÿ˜ž The most effective method to Plan Your Next Trade Show Using @Step 1: Create A Marketing Campaign In After you get an away from of all that you have to complete to execute your exchange show†¦ It’s time to make an advertising campaignâ in ! Otherwise known as an organizer inside that can house each and every bit of substance, venture, occasion, social battle, errand, and cutoff time identified with your expo corner. Here’s how to make your advertising effort in : Head to your schedule Utilize the +â sign to add substance to your schedule and select â€Å"Marketing Campaign† Give your promoting effort a name (ex. INBOUND) Select a shading mark (to make it simple to discover on your schedule!) Give it a beginning date (the day you begin dealing with things for the public exhibition) and an end date (this could be the beginning date of the expo, the day your last post promotion email goes out, or at whatever point the last thing identified with the public exhibition is expected!) Onto the following stage! Whats the key to arranging impeccable public exhibition corners with @? It begins with MarketingStep 2: Add EVERYTHING You Need For The Trade Show To Your Marketing Campaign Once you’ve added your promoting effort to the calendar†¦ You can begin including everything (and indeed, I mean The world) you have to complete to superbly execute your public expo. Here are a couple of thoughts to get the wheels turning: Expo stall plan Loot + prizes Geo-focusing on Facebook Ads Schedules for deals group Book lodgings, flights, and so on. Stall freebees/flyers Social battles (pre-expo and post-public exhibition) Points of arrival Blog entry Stall video or introduction Post-expo email battle Also, once you’ve created a rundown of all that you have to include†¦ Begin adding them to your showcasing effort! Here’s how to do it: Inside your promoting effort, hit the +â sign in the upper right-hand corner. Select the kind of venture/sort of substance you need to add you need to include (article, venture agenda, social battle, and so forth.) Give it a title (ex. â€Å"Trade show stall design†) Give it a shading name (for the most part a similar name as the general showcasing effort, yet that’s up to you!) Pick the proprietor of the venture (otherwise known as the individual answerable for ensuring the undertaking is finished). Select the date that particular thing is expected. Rehash until you’ve included all that you requirement for your public exhibition! Furthermore, if different undertakings come up later, you can without much of a stretch add those to your public exhibition astoundingly! Simply ensure everything gets added to your public exhibition showcasing effort so each one of those moving pieces get in ONE spot.

ISFP Personality Characteristics, Myths & Cognitive Functions

ISFP Personality Characteristics, Myths & Cognitive Functions Theories Personality Psychology Print ISFP: The Artist (Introverted, Sensing, Feeling, Perceiving) An Overview of the ISFP Personality Type By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on May 10, 2019 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Overview Intuitive-Thinking INTJ INTP ENTJ ENTP Intuitive-Feeling INFJ INFP ENFJ ENFP Sensing-Judging ISTJ ISFJ ESTJ ESFJ Sensing-Perceiving ISTP ISFP ESTP ESFP In This Article Table of Contents Expand Key ISFP Characteristics Cognitive Functions Personal Relationships Career Paths Tips for Interacting With ISFPs View All ISFP is a four-letter code representing one of the 16 personality types identified by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.?? People with an ISFP personality are frequently described as quiet, easy-going and peaceful. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell According to David Keirsey, the creator of the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, approximately 5 to 10 percent of people have an ISFP personality type. ISFP is the opposite of ENTJ. Key ISFP Characteristics ISFPs like to keep their options open, so they often delay making decisions in order to see if things might change or if new options come up.According to Myers-Briggs, ISFPs are kind, friendly, sensitive and quiet. Unlike extroverts who gain energy from interacting with other people, introverts must expend energy around others.?? After spending time with people, introverts often find that they need a period of time alone. Because of this, they typically prefer to intermingle with a small group of close friends and family members.While they are quiet and reserved, they are also known for being peaceful, caring, and considerate. ISFPs have an easy-going attitude and tend to accept other people as they are.ISFPs like to focus on the details. They spend more time thinking about the here and now rather than worrying about the future.ISFPs tend to be doers rather than dreamers. They dislike abstract theories unless they can see some type of practical application for them and prefer learnin g situations that involve gaining hands-on experience. Strengths Very aware of their environment Practical Enjoys hands-on learning Loyal to values and beliefs Weaknesses Dislikes abstract, theoretical information Reserved and quiet Strong need for personal space Dislikes arguments and conflict Cognitive Functions The MBTI identifies four key cognitive functions (thinking, feeling, intuition, and sensing) that are either directed outwardly (extraverted) or inwardly (introverted). The hierarchical order to these functions is what determines each individuals unique personality. Dominant: Introverted Feeling ISFPs care more about personal concerns rather than objective, logical information.People with this personality type deal with information and experiences based upon how they feel about them.ISFPs have their own value system and create spontaneous judgments based upon how things fit with their own idea. Auxiliary: Extraverted Sensing People with ISFP personalities are very in tune with the world around them. They are very much attuned to sensory information and are keenly aware when even small changes take place in their immediate environment. Because of this, they often place a high emphasis on aesthetics and appreciate the fine arts.They are focused on the present moment, taking in new information and then taking action. They have a strong sense of their immediate surroundings, often noticing small details that others might overlook. When remembering events from the past, they are able to recall strong visual imagery and sights, smells, and sounds can evoke powerful memories associated with those senses. Tertiary: Introverted Intuition This function tends to run in the background, feeding off of the extraverted sensing function.As ISFPs take in details about the world, they often develop gut feelings about events and situations. While they generally do not like abstract concepts or ideas, this introverted intuition function may lead them to experience epiphanies about themselves and others. Inferior: Extraverted Thinking One weakness that ISFPs may have is in organizing, although they may use this function more prominently in certain situations.This function is all about looking for the most efficient way to do something. An ISFP might become focused on being very precise about the details and finding the most effective way to express an idea. ISFPs You Might Know Marilyn Monroe, actressAuguste Rodin, sculptorDavid Beckham, soccer playerNeil Simon, playwrightHarry Potter, fictional character Personal Relationships ISFPs are introverted. They tend to be reserved and quiet, especially around people they do not know well. They prefer spending time with a close group of family and friends. ISFPs are very private and keep their true feelings to themselves. In some cases, they may avoid sharing their thoughts, feelings and opinions with other people in their life, even their romantic partners. Because they prefer not to share their innermost feelings and try to avoid conflict, they often defer to the needs or demands of others. ISFPs have strong values but are not concerned with trying to convince other people to share their point of view. They care deeply about other people, particularly their closest friends and family. They are action-oriented and tend to show their care and concern through action rather than discussing feelings or expressing sentiments. Career Paths People with ISFP personalities love animals and have a strong appreciation for nature. They may seek out jobs or hobbies that put them in contact with the outdoors and with animals. Because ISFPs prefer to focus on the present, they often do well in careers that are concerned with practical, real-world problems. Jobs that offer a great deal of personal freedom and autonomy are especially appealing to ISFPs. Popular ISFP Careers ArtistComposer or musicianChefDesignerForest rangerNurseNaturalistPediatricianPsychologistSocial workerTeacherVeterinarian Tips for Interacting With ISFPs Friendships ISFPs are friendly and get along well with other people, but they typically need to get to know you well before they really open up.You can be a good friend to an ISFP by being supporting an accepting of who they are.ISFPs can be light-hearted and fun, but they are also quite intense at times. Recognize that there will be times when your friend wants to share and times when he or she will want to retreat to a more personal space. Parenting ISFP children tend to be perfectionists and can be their own harshest critics.Because they place such high expectations on themselves, they often underestimate or undervalue their own skills and talents.If you are a parent to ISFP child, you can help your child by encouraging them to be kind to themselves and recognize their value. Relationships ISFPs are very considerate in relationships, often to the point that they will continually defer to their partner.Because they are usually not good at expressing their own feelings and needs, it is important that you make an effort to understand your partner.When making decisions, ensure that your partners voice is heard and his or her feelings are given equal weight.

Why Should The Lgbt Community Serve Openly - 1924 Words

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Gender identity is which one applies him/herself as (male or female) which include straight men and women transgender men and women, some lesbians and gays. Sexual orientation is which one he/she desires to be with. For example, a woman with a woman would be the lesbian community, a man with a man would be the gay community, a man or a woman who chooses to be with either sex would be your bisexual community, and the transgender community would be men or women that have gone under surgeries or procedures that change their gender identity. â€Å"GenderShow MoreRelatedWhy Should The Lgbt Community Serve Openly?1899 Words   |  8 PagesWhy Should the LGBT Community Serve Openly? Publics in Africa and in predominantly Muslim countries remain among the least accepting of homosexuality. In sub-Saharan Africa, at least nine-in-ten in Nigeria (98%), Senegal (96%), Ghana (96%), Uganda (96%) and Kenya (90%) believe homosexuality should not be accepted by society. 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Aging A Better Understanding How The Process Of Aging...

In an order to gain a better understanding how the process of aging affects older adults, I interviewed my neighbor, a sixty-seven year old man. For the purposes of this paper, I will refer to him as Pat. Pat lives with his wife of forty-three years. They currently live in a home in Mounds View, which they have owned for twenty-four years. They receive no home services. He views aging as inevitable. He added that, although there are plenty of negative things that are associated with aging, there are definitely perks that come along with it. He believes that maintaining a healthy lifestyle, carrying a positive attitude, and accepting changes as they come, has helped him adjust to growing old. Pat has been retired for nearly three years. Pat appreciates retirement because he gets to watch his two year old grandson during the week. On the weekends, he gets together with family and friends. He enjoys fishing, hunting, reading, and cheering on his favorite sports teams. 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Presently, there are many health related issues and conditions that plague the older adult, and these will only continue to increase

Are you ready boots Free Essays

You Ready Boots is a short story about an English girl called Lulu and her black leather boots. The story begins in New York where Lulu, her good pal Spencer and another freind are on a four day trip. On a shoe sale she finds these marvellous boots that makes her feel fantastic, and she buys them. We will write a custom essay sample on Are you ready boots or any similar topic only for you Order Now When shes back in England she can’t bear to wear them bacause they were so expensive. Until one night six month later when she’s going out with Spencer and he encourages her to wear them. She does, and that night she meets a very handsome man called Charlie. After a while she walks straight to him (in her boots), talks with him, and she ends up with dating him. They become lovers and he seems to be the â€Å"perfect† man. Only Spencer disapproves their relationship. After a while Charlie proposes and she accepts. The same night she decides to wear the same dress, including the boots, as the day the met. But then Charlie says that he hates the boots and he asks her to take them off. Then she looks at her great boots, makes a decision and leaves†¦ The main character is a woman called Lulu. I think she might be in the twenties because she’s old enough to gets married and young enough to go out and get drunk with her freinds. She lives in England, and she seems to be like a typical city girl who likes shopping, going out with freinds and so on. She may be a little upper class for example bacause she drinks champagne when she’s going out, but still she’s not like a real richie, because of the way she’s ashamed of the price of the boots and how she’s very impressed of Charlie’s Porsche. It also confirms my feeling of Lulu as a girl ho likes the â€Å"wealthy feeling† and that is also the reason that she in the beginning buys the boots even though they are too expensive. This leads to another of Lulu’s traits; that she’s pretty conscious about the way she looks, and others looks. When she finally takes courage to talk with Charlie for the first time, she’s sure that it’s because of the boots – she finds self-confidence in material things like the expensive boots. It’s also notable how much of the text that the description of the boots and her thoughts about them fills. As well as the descriptions of Charlie’s handsome look s described a lot of times. I think she’s typical young and modern woman who likes a lot of â€Å"normal† things. The way she doesn’t sees â€Å"the real† Charlie for such a long time, do I interpret as some kind of desperation sign. If she’s in the late twenties many of her freinds may have really had a boyfreind†). Nobody wants to be the lonely old maid, when their freinds become parents and so on†¦ Two men have important roles in the story: Lulu’s good pal Spencer and Charlie who becomes her boyfreind. Spencer is like a real freind who takes her out for fun, who orries about her and I think that he knows her very well. He is with her in New York when she buys the boots and he is the one who tells her his actual opinion about Lulu and Charlie’s releationship. At first she doesn’t wants to listen to him, but she can’t Just forgets what he said which shows us that she normally listens to Spencer’s opinions. And in the end it’s also like his the one who’s proved right. Charlie is a totally different kind of man. He is not spontaneous funny like Spencer is – in fact I dont think he’s spontaneous at all (or funny). But he walks straight in to Lulu’s life, at a point when I think she needs a man. He’s very good looking, seems to be the perfect man and Lulu is flattered because of the way he for example always remembers to call her. Her love for this man is not described anywhere in the text and it’s tempting to doubt that she actually never loved him.. Fundamentally I dont think that you should Judge people’s choices of clothes because you should be allowed to wear what ever you want to. But it is not always possible to escape if people ask you directly what you think of this and that- which girl freinds often do. And in such a situation I think that the only right thing to do is to tell the truth. But I still think that the whole truth may be a little too hard sometimes. And then it’s okay to tell a tiny little lie. But there are cases where it’s the best to tell the hard truth to kind of prepare the person you are talking with, bacause you can see that if you dont say anything other people, and maybe strangers, will do and that’s a lot worse. So to what extent it is okay to Judge depends on the situation, how close you are to the person you are Judging and how â€Å"necessary’ the Judgement is. How to cite Are you ready boots, Papers

Importance And Dynamics Of Ethical Communication In An Organization

Question: Discuss about the Importance And Dynamics Of Ethical Communication In An Organization. Answer: Introduction Communication in a business is the most important aspect of business development and success. There is a direct relation between god and ethical communication within an organization which determines the quality of team work which can be obtained. The following essay is about the importance and dynamics of ethical communication in an organization and its implications in the business world. The essay discusses about the effective communication in business which is practiced to maximize the benefits of the organization and to develop a work culture. Communication is the exchange of information between two entities which makes work easier and meaningful.To work in a team the proper method of commination is highly important. There are list of rules of communication which are to be complied in different situations. Ethics is the right way to do things. It denotes the most appropriate way of communication in this context. The following essays discusses the types of communication methods used for a team work and which is the most correct way to communicate and in which situation. Keeping ethics in mind when formulating a communication plan and structure makes the plan more concrete and well defined. All the communication practices must follow the ethical guidelines to make them farfetched and sustainable in the business environment. The essay also traverses through the needs of ethical practices in the process of communication in the business environment. These needs will justify the importance and significance of ethics in communication and will portray how ethics is necessary in communication. Communication and Team Work Ethics in communication actually refers to the considerations of ethical nature in the practices of communication. Both the terms ethics and communication have very different and subjective meanings when kept in different contexts. The literal meaning of communication is the exchange of thoughts, information and feelings through the process of speech, behavior, signals or through writing (Alnder and Gssling 2017). In the same way ethics is defined as the correct method of doing something, or the principles and guidelines with which the work can be done. In this context both these definitions of ethics are relevant and when mixed with communication it gives a proper structure of practices which are adopted for a team work. There is a lot of scope of induction of ethical practices of communication in a team work. In a team of workers in an organization there are many ethical dilemmas which a worker has to face and those can only be resolved when there is a strong sense of ethics (Bishop and Lee 2017). Since a team is comprised of many workers who have different work cultures and ethics.In the context of communication there should be certain ethical principles which need to be kept in mind. These principles may be selecting the best and most ethical practices for interacting with the team members. It is an ethical practice to listen to the others when they speak and not interrupt them in between. When working in a team a person should not judge the tone of voice or the manner of speaking of other team members (Brooks and Manias 2017). Whenever there is any discussion in the team, a person should always speak from the perspective of their own thoughts and experience which appeals to the needs and thoughts of the team. While communicating a person should keep in mind that the conversation should be focused more on understanding than to making a point and to prove themselves right even by offending other team members. Another ethical practice to be kept in mind when practicing communication in a team is that one should not speak for others. This means that a person should not characterize things aid by others without knowing the real background of the matter (Bunniket et al. 2017). One should also not universalize their own opinions, values beliefs and perceptions and draw conclusions on the basis of that.It is a very ethical practice to manage boundaries of self-involvement in a discourse. A person when taking part in a conversation should be confined to itself and should not express its feelings in totality. It is very important to share only those things which cannot be used against the person who is saying which can damage its reputation among its team members. In the same way a person should re spect the personal boundaries of other team mates when communicating and should be aware of the things which may offend the other person (Engleberg et al. 2017). In the practice of communication a person should keep in mind that all the team members should get equal time for speaking so that they should not feel that they have been left out. Team Work Communication and Ethics It has been seen in general sense that a team works to achieve targets and goals which are given to them and the communication is determined by the type of job they do. It is implicit for a team to practice ethical methods as they are more goals oriented and believe that the work should be done in time whatever may be the practices (Jondle and Ardichvili 2017). There are three levels in each team which has an individual ethical requirement in context of communication. The first one is the most basic unit of a team which is an individual team member. It has its own needs of communication which is followed by a different ethical code. For Example, when a group member is not able to complete the job assigned to him on time he starts thinking of an excuse which he can make to him team lead to get an extension which is an unethical practice. For that he needs to communicate with his senior in a manner which he seems fit and which will accomplish his goal (Lauring and Bjerregaard 2017). Another level comprises of the group in whole. A group is assigned the whole task which is distributed among its members. For example a group is assigned to make a project report which has a very short deadline and the team members have not done it in time. When researching for it on the internet they find a similar report which they have to make. In that case all the members of the group decide among themselves that they will present the same report with some minor changes. In this case the type of communication between the team members is an unethical one which is done to cover their mistakes in front of their collective seniors (Lipschultz 2017). The third level is of the group environment which is kept under monitoring as there may creep up many unethical practice which may prove to be dangerous for the organization in the long run. These unethical practices of communication can also put all the group members at risk and can cost the organization a million of dollars. The above mentioned unethical practices of communication are quite common which needs to be checked. There are certain guiding principles of ethics which can be applied to rectify the wrong practices (Maria 2017).Principles such as truthfulness, reason, accuracy and honesty which are needed to maintain the ethical integrity of the communication. Approving freedom of expression, allowing diversity in perspective and tolerance for other viewpoints can improve the ethical stance of communication in a team. There should be condemnation of practices which encourages, hatred, violence, distortion, coercion, intimidation and intolerance (McKee and Porter 2017). There should be encouragement to the practices of personal convictions which promotes justice and fairness of work and communication in a team. There should be a notion of understanding the reason and proper respect should be given to the other perspectives before judging and criticizing their outlook. There should be an environment of sharing of information, feelings and opinions so that all the team members feel connected with each other (Medeiros et al. 2017). Need of Ethics in Communication To make the best decisions in a team or in a business venture the proper ethical methods of communication must be practiced and executed on a regular basis. There is a need for ethical communication in managing a successful team which leads to a successful business. There are certain specific advantages of ethical communication which has become a need for running and managing a business venture (Oumlil et al. 2017). The reasons for the need are listed below. Respect to the Audience: It has been observed that the ethical communicators have a positive impact of their audience as they tend to be most respectful in their actions and modes of communication. Since it is believed that communication is a two way process, the way in which one person communicates have direct implications of the audience which may take it in a positive manner or they may get offended which depends completely on the manner the speaker communicates (Saarinen 2017). Consideration of Consequences:An ethical communicator will always consider the consequences of the discourse which may vary according to the manner of communication. Since the outcomes of communication are not separate from each other there is a direct correlation between the results which may be positive or negative. For an ethical communicator it becomes highly imperative to keep in mind the nature and type of the audience among which the communication is done (Sabin and Harland 2017). For example a speaker cannot discuss things of personal life in the workplace or with their seniors as it will not solve the purpose of the communication. In the same way a person cannot discuss things of work with his family as they have no knowledge and interest about the concerned topic. Respect of Truth:Communication in ethics mainly depends on the respect among the audiences. There should be a sense of faith and trust among the audiences about the matters which are discussed in the communication. If a person cannot exactly judge the nature of audience and their mentality towards the topic of discussion then the entire purpose of communication fails (Shim et al. 2017). Therefore the element of truth is necessary in the communication so that the ethical integrity can be maintained. Proper Use of Information:Ethical communicators have a knack to use the most relevant and proper information in their communication practices. There are certain professions such as medical, law educational institutions which are based mainly on the type of information which is rendered by them. Ethical communicators also sue accurate information in business ventures to provide presentation and other statistical data in business analysis (Wocial et al. 2017). On the basis of these ethical data reports are produced which are important for the accountability and the integrity of the company. Falsification of Information: It has been observed that ethical communicators do not manipulate and falsify information in their discourse which enhances the integrity of communication within a specified audience which may be in a team or in an entire organization (Saarinen 2017). These above mentioned points of ethical communication are needed in a business venture and other such organizations which adds up the importance of ethics in practicing communication. Conclusion There is a very important position of ethics and its practices in communication within a business organization. It can be concluded from the above discussion that communication is majorly about the audience and their perspective to interpret the matter which is discussed and the way it is said by the speaker. There is also an ethical angle to the types of communication procedures which are to be followed. As it has been discussed, that ethics is the proper way of doing things, it relates to the practice of communication which makes it more professional and appropriate picking out all the negative ways and means which are applied during the process of communication. Being very diverse terms both ethics and communication hold very vital place in thebusiness management techniques which enhances the quality and integrity of services provided by an organization which practices ethical means of communication. Since communication is a two way process, equal compliance ad importance is given to the concerned audience and a lot depends upon their mental state and background. It can finally be concluded that ethics is an important part of communication and should be practiced by all means in team work and the team members. References Alnder, M.S. and Gssling, T., 2017. Thematic Symposium: Business Ethics, Peace and Environmental Issues (T0004). Bishop, D.L. and Lee, D.S., 2017. Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making and Cases (Asia Edition). Brooks, L.A. and Manias, E., 2017. Communication And.For Some Of Our Most Elite Soldiers, Patient Recovery Is Mission Critical., p.336. Bunnik, E.M., Van Bodegom, L., Pinxten, W., De Beaufort, I.D. and Vernooij, M.W., 2017. Ethical framework for the detection,management and communication of incidental findings in imaging studies, building on an interview study of researchers practices and perspectives.BMC medical ethics,18(1), p.10. Engleberg, I.N., Ward, S.M., Disbrow, L.M., Katt, J.A., Myers, S.A. and O'Keefe, P., 2017. The development of a set of core communication competencies for introductory communication courses.Communication Education,66(1), pp.1-18. Jondle, D. and Ardichvili, A. eds., 2017.Ethical Business Cultures in Emerging Markets. Cambridge University Press. Lauring, J. and Bjerregaard, T., 2017. Language use and international business: What can we learn from anthropology?.HERMES-Journal of Language and Communication in Business,20(38), pp.105-117. Lipschultz, J.H., 2017.Social media communication: Concepts, practices, data, law and ethics. Taylor Francis. Maria, M., 2017. The issue of creating and implementing of modern communication technologies in business management from the Republic of Moldova.Development. McKee, H.A. and Porter, J.E., 2017.Professional Communication and Network Interaction: A Rhetorical and Ethical Approach. Routledge. Medeiros, K.E., Watts, L.L., Mulhearn, T.J., Steele, L.M., Mumford, M.D. and Connelly, S., 2017. What is Working, What is Not, and What We Need to Know: a Meta-Analytic Review of Business Ethics Instruction.Journal of Academic Ethics, pp.1-31. Oumlil, A.B., Oumlil, A.B., Balloun, J.L. and Balloun, J.L., 2017. Cultural variations and ethical business decision making: a study of individualistic and collective cultures.Journal of Business Industrial Marketing,32(7), pp.889-900. Saarinen, P., 2017. Profits, ethics or expectations? CSR drivers and their manifestation in digital media communication: two case studies of Finnish food companies. Sabin, J.E. and Harland, J.C., 2017. Professional Ethics for Digital Age Psychiatry: Boundaries, Privacy, and Communication.Current Psychiatry Reports,19(9), p.55. Shim, K., Chung, M. and Kim, Y., 2017. Does ethical orientation matter? Determinants of public reaction to CSR communication.Public Relations Review. Wocial, L., Ackerman, V., Leland, B., Benneyworth, B., Patel, V., Tong, Y. and Nitu, M., 2017, March. Pediatric ethics and communication excellence (PEACE) rounds: decreasing moral distress and patient length of stay in the PICU. InHEC forum(Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 75-91). Springer Netherlands.

Essay 3 Essays - Drug Control Law, Psychoactive Drugs, Articles

Matt Screws Anderson English 1101 3/31/19 The War on Drugs is a Failure The war on drug s in the United States has been continuing for almost 50 years and has had a profound effect on many groups of people . President Richard Nixon's declaration of a "war on drugs" a war that has cost roughly a trillion dollars, has produced little to no effect on the supply of or demand for drugs in the United States, has contributed to making America the world's largest incarcerator , and has eroded the civil liberties and rights of American people . Now there has probably never been a drug free society. Virtually every society has ingested psychoactive substances to deal with pain, increase energy, and even commune with God. Our want to adjust our state of awareness might be as basic as our craving for nourishment, friendship, and sex. The reasons drugs are made legal and others not has almost zero to do with science or health and almost everything to do with who uses and who is perceived to use a particular substance. For instance, in the 19 th century the main users of opiates in this country were middle aged white women who would use these medications to alleviate aches and pains when few other remedies of this kind were available. There was no thought of criminalizing them back then because no one wanted to throw grandma in jail. However, the feelings about opiates changed dramatically whenever Chinese people showed up to work on the railroads and in the mines. They justified their prohibition laws by demonizing the drug and leading people to believe that these Chinese immigrants were trying to transform their white women into drug addicted sex slaves. The first cocaine prohibition laws were similar but instead target toward black men who they were afraid would use this drug and forget his p roper place in southern society. Marijuana followed sui t and was made illegal by all the fears associated with Mexican migrants use of the drug. In the Ted Talk "Why we need to end the W ar on D rugs " Ethan Nadelmann said, " If the principal smokers of cocaine were affluent older white men and the principal consumers of Viagra were poor young black men, then smokable cocaine would be easy to get with a prescription from your doctor and selling Viagra would get you five to 10 years behind bars " . The real enemies of the war on drugs are not the drugs themselves but communities which use these drugs . Th e drugs are just the convenient excuse to target these groups. The Nixon White House had two enemies which were the antiwar left and blacks. They realized there wasn't a way to make it illegal to be against the war or black so they would just criminalize drugs which were present in the communities. Once they were able to get society to associate certain drugs with different groups, they were able to disrupt the communities by raiding their homes and locking up their leaders all while lying about the effects of these drugs. Through the late 80s and into the 90s we began to see incarceration rates skyrocket from just 50,000 in 1980 to over 400,000 by 1997 thanks to Reagans unprecedented expansion of the drug war . Today the war is still being waged and the same groups are still being targeted. The markets for marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine are global commodities markets just like the global markets in alcohol, tobacco, coffee, and su gar. Where there is a demand there will be a supply . Knock it out an another one is certain to emerge. People tend to think of prohibition as the ultimate form of regulation when in fact it represents the absence of regulation with criminals filling the void. Putting criminal laws and po lice front and center in trying to control a dynamic global commodities market is a recipe for disaster. Started first as means to target specific racial groups and people left of center the war on drugs has been successful in what it was designed to do yet it failed to stem addiction .

The Bhagavad Gita The Role of Religion in Relation to the Hindu Culture

The Bhagavad Gita The Role of Religion in Relation to the Hindu Culture The Bhagavad Gita is the most influential and discussed religious text related to the Hindu culture and religion. The Bhagavad Gita is the part of the most important religious epic text Mahabharata which is traditionally followed by the representatives of the Hindu culture.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Bhagavad Gita: The Role of Religion in Relation to the Hindu Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More From this point, it is important to focus on the Bhagavad Gita and its role for the Hindu culture in the context of the role of religion in the Hindu society because the scripture contains the most important religious concepts and ethical principles which should be followed in the Hindu tradition. Different religious concepts and ethical issues are discussed in the scripture depending on conversations between the prince Arjuna who avoids violence and killing as the methods of impact and Krishna as God w ho provides wisdom and necessary guidance for the Hindu people. In spite of the fact that the Bhagavad Gita was written many centuries ago, its role for the Hindu religion and its impact on the accentuation of the role of religion in the society and Hindu culture are significant because the scripture provides the main religious principles which became the fundamentals of the people’s everyday life and actions. The epic situations and significant conversations between Arjuna and Krishna are discussed in the context of the battles for territories and struggles for the local superiority, but the main idea of the Bhagavad Gita is to represent the religious aspects important for the Hindu people as well as to discuss the controversial ethical and philosophical questions (â€Å"The Bhagavad Gita† 11-20). The representatives of the Hindu culture and religion can discuss the Bhagavad Gita as the main source of the ethical and religious norms and beliefs which should be followe d to achieve the religious enlightenment while becoming closer to God or even while making the union with the divine forces. In the Bhagavad Gita, Krishna states that a person can achieve the union with God and to avoid the karmic debt while completing the main ethical and religious principles which are the focus on self-renunciation, selfless action in relation to people and God, and meditation as the way to become closer to Krishna in order to learn the divine wisdom (â€Å"The Bhagavad Gita† 18-22).Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From this perspective, the role of religion and ethical principles are closely connected in the Bhagavad Gita, and this text becomes the source of the primary religious and ethical knowledge for the Hindu people. The discussion of the role of religion in the Hindu culture is observed while presenting Krishna’s ide as on the cycle of birth and death which a human should experience in order to receive the opportunity to avoid the karmic debt and to act according to the divine ideals. Thus, following the descriptions and discussions presented in the scripture, it is possible to state that the Bhagavad Gita is important for persons to win while making this or that moral choice. It is stated in the Bhagavad Gita that selfless actions can lead persons to the enlightenment that is why this scripture is important for the Hindu religion and culture regarding the focus on the selfless devotion to moral ideals and to God (Minor 344). In this case, the text is helpful for many people in their searches of the truth in relation to the religion and ethics during the centuries. That is why, it is important to refer to the dual role of the Bhagavad Gita for the Hindu religion and the role of religion in relation to the Hindu culture from the perspective of the scripture’s role for developing the human ethics. Thus, it is possible to discuss the religious ideals of selfless actions and devotion to divine forces from the point of their ethical value regarding the concepts of virtue and duty. Gupta states that the Bhagavad Gita â€Å"instructs an individual person to do his duty as a social being, and to do so by cultivating certain excellences so that his duties become part of his nature, an expression of his abiding character† (Gupta 395). As a result, the scripture provides a range of instructions and directions for people to act religiously and morally. It is emphasized in the scripture that a person can rely on God’s love while preventing the expression of anger, ignorance, and ego instead of demonstrating selfless behaviours (Timpe 349). Thus, the role of the Bhagavad Gita in relation to the Hindu religion and culture should be emphasized with references to the text as the religious guide.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Bha gavad Gita: The Role of Religion in Relation to the Hindu Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To discuss the role of religion in the Hindu culture, it is important to pay attention to the fact that all the aspects of the persons’ life are regulated according to the definite religious principles and associated ethical norms. That is why, the Bhagavad Gita should be analyzed as the source of the most stable visions and ideas which are followed by the Hindu people during many centuries. The Bhagavad Gita is one of the first texts in which the importance of religion is discussed with references to the people’s everyday life, thus, the role of religion and faith is accentuated with the help of demonstrating the connection with the real-life situations and possible moral choices. Krishna helps Arjuna to act morally while describing the basic religious principles valued according to the Hindu tradition. Krishna focuses on the imp ortance of improving the person’s karma with the help of selfless actions and meditation (â€Å"The Bhagavad Gita† 15-20). These religious rituals are actively practiced by the representatives of the Hindu culture and tradition because they are the part of their everyday life and vision of the person’s progress. From this point, the religious fundamentals described in the Bhagavad Gita are extremely important for the Hindu people, and this fact emphasizes the role of religion within the Hindu society. Thus, the Bhagavad Gita is one of the main sources of the religious and ethical knowledge in the Hindu culture that is why this scripture is often discussed by researchers in the context of the text’s role for stating the principles of the Hindu religion and the main ethical norms and ideals connected with the religious visions and in the context of the role of religion in the society because the representatives of the Hindu culture regulate their everyday l ife with references to the religious norms. As a result, the ideas of the selfless action, devotion to the divine forces, meditation, virtuous actions to avoid the karmic debt, and importance of duties are not only described and explained in the Bhagavad Gita along with a lot of other religious issues but also followed in the Hindu culture during many centuries. Gupta, Bina. â€Å"Bhagavad Gita† as Duty and Virtue Ethics†. Journal of Religious Ethics 34.3 (2006): 373-395. Print.Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Minor, Robert. â€Å"The â€Å"GÄ «tÄ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s† Way as the Only Way†. Philosophy East and West 30.3 (1980): 339-354. Print. The Bhagavad Gita. USA: Oxford University Press, 2004. Print. Timpe, Eugene. â€Å"Hesses Siddhartha and the Bhagavad Gita†. Comparative Literature 22.4 (1970): 346-357. Print.

EUROPEAN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT-Competition Essay

EUROPEAN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT-Competition - Essay Example Such markets have been seen to offer new competition law challenges especially when there are new emergences for business platforms. Also attached to the same is the fact that there have been identification of the extent to which freedom for private law right has to rights and contracts of property (Egli 2005: 235). The main consideration in this aspect is on how these can be reconciled especially following demise of states offering important services to their citizenries alongside replacement of the same services on the basis of communal requirements accruing from either state or private initiatives. The European Union competition law’s background is pinned on aims and goals which were looked forward into by the European Union of establishing a single market for European Union Member States. So as to achieve this, a transparent, compatible and fairly homogenized framework of regulation of competition law was created. An act of Council Regulation was brought into existence thr ough constitutive legislation process. This was developed during evolution of European Commission’s supremacy law which was not yet established. ... ontrol of Dominance The European Union competition law came into being following the need to ascertain that government efforts were not altered with by corporations which mostly abuse market power. Following this, treaties reached on through European Union are a provision intended for ensuring that there is a liberalized competition prevailing within the union (Collignon 2007: 172). This is further meant to discourage monopolies and cartels who engage in fixing of prices and sharing out of markets. The European Union competition law operates through four major policy segments which according to Akman (2009) include: Mergers, control of proposed mergers, acquisitions and joint ventures involving companies that have a certain, defined amount of turnover in the European Union/European Economic Area. This is governed by the Council Regulation 139/2004 European Commission (the Merger Regulation); Monopolies or preventing the abuse of firms' dominant market positions. This is governed by A rticle 102 Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). This article also gives rise to the Commission’s authority under the next area; State aid, control of direct and indirect aid given by European Union’s Member States to companies. Covered under Article 107 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union; and Cartels or control of  collusion  and other practices on anti-competition  that affect the European Union (or, since 1994, the European Economic Area). This is covered under Articles 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Union competition law was developed with goals which mainly number into two schools of thought yet not clear. Main opinion and view pertaining to these is that the only relevance is in consideration of

Strategic management Final EXAM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Strategic management Final EXAM - Essay Example Strategic management can operate at corporate level or business level. A definition of strategic management at corporate level is: "the pattern of major objectives, purposes or goals and essential policies or plans for achieving those goals, stated in such a ways as to define what business the company is in or is to be in and the kind of company it is or is to be."1 One must also take into account the culture and leadership of the organisation, both of which influence corporate strategic management. For example, after the return of Steve Jobs to Apple Computers Inc a top-level decision was taken to making a major shift away from heavy investment in Research and Development (R&D) of innovative and premium-priced computers, and have invested more heavily in the highly competitive consumer electronics sector. At the business or unit level of operation, strategic management is more concerned with competition, adding value and recruiting and retaining clients. Returning to the example of Apple Computers Inc, since 2001 it has been developing products such as the iPod believing that it could add high-value, user-friendly software in a way that a pure electronics business could not. Business level strategic management has been defined as: "the match between [the organisation's] internal capabilities and its external relationships. It describes how it responds to its suppliers, its customers, its competitors and the social and economic environment within which it operates."2 This view argues that strategic management boils down to having a clear sense of the organisation's objectives and identifying how these will be achieved. However there is no universal agreement on which level the subject should be studied at: corporate or business. Therefore it is important to bear in mind that such gurus as Michael Porter tend to focus on business level strategic management. There is also another school of thought which argues against this prescriptive viewpoint. This alternative and less well-documented emergent view points out that given the impossibility of planning for an uncertain future, identifying a single strategy is a waste of time. Instead organisations should focus on finding market opportunities, experimenting and developing their competitive advantage over-time.3 The three key elements of strategic management are resources, the external environment and the organisation's capacity to add-value to its core activity. An organisation's resources include its personnel and their respective skillsets, its investment and capital. These items are important for the organisation to create and sustain competitive advantage. It could be argued that Apple Computer Inc's recent success in setting the latest standard in MP3 players was built upon the fact that it had a major brand and R&D capabilities from its niche computer business and an excellent own-brand distribution network already in place. In short Apple Computer Inc optimized existing resources. The environment refers to economic and political situation the organization finds itself in, its competitors, customers and suppliers, and increasingly to 'green' issues as concerns regarding global warming and exploitation of low-wage workers become more wide-spread. For example, IBM lost much of its initial dominance of the personal computer market when it failed

Operations Management Analysis of Asda

Operations Management Analysis of Asda Introduction: Every function of the business has its significance, importance and place in the business organizations. Not a single department, function or activity can be declared as sole vital for the life of a company. It is the combined effort of all the departments and joint work of function involved, which brings success, revenues and business development. However, the key factor of the business, are divided in some shapes; to get a clear and visible picture of the overall business activities, being carried out by the organization. Operations management, financial management, marketing, sales, customer service, quality assurance, information technology and research and development are largely the main functions of a business entity in 21st century. No one can declare any of these functions as the sole guaranteer for the corporate success of the company, every function has its competitive and comparative advantages and also everyone has some unique characteristics which help in making that particular function more important. However, there is a function which is quite visible in all of these functions, or we can say that it is a facilitator of all the departments and functions in any organization. That particular function is called operations. Whatever may be the department or function, there will be a process and procedure involved in the work flow of that particular unit. Operations are everywhere, whichever department we select; we will see a line of operations and standard operating procedure. This indicates how important and integral it is, to have a transparent and effective operations management system. Operations management not only gives insight about the efficient and effective workflow of a particular department but also helps in getting a smooth workflow all over the organization. The process and strategic planning is quite imperative for the success of the business, but the effective execution of that particular plan is far more important than that. Effective operations management can help in achieving the group, departmental and organizational goals achievement in an effective, efficient and less costly way. So we can declare that, operations management ensures the life of the company. This report is a case study of ASDAs operations management mechanism and is purely dedicated to find out the rights and wrongs in the operations of ASDA. Operations Management: Operations management is a management function and subject, which is largely concerned with supervision, design, and redesigning of the business operations in the making of goods and services.  [1]  It has two dimensions, one is company dimension and the other one is customers dimension. The company dimension of the operation management is dealing with the operations in a cost effective, efficient and less costly ways, while the customer requires the greater quality of the product and service. So in business operations, an organization has to ensure, not only its own circumstances and financial position but also the customers demand. In simple words, the operations management is an organizational function, aimed a smooth flow of the processes to convert the input into the required output, in an efficient and cost effective way. So the quality assurance of the product offerings and their cost, are the key points of studying the operations management. Operations management usually refers to the production of goods and services independently, even though the difference between these two central types of operations is ever more difficult to make as producer convinced to combine product and service offerings. More commonly, operations management targets to increase the satisfaction level of value-added actions in any of the given processes.  [2]   The fundamental objective of the operations management departments attempt to create the desired balance between the costs and revenue to  get the maximum net operational profit, but at the same time to ensure the quality of the product and service. Operations management includes the activities that are involved in the process of production and distribution of the goods and services. Normally, the small companies do not involve in the operations management processes but major businesses stress upon properly keeping up with the operations management processes and normally they do not change the processes rapidly. Company Overview: ASDA is a British superstore chain which retails food, clothing, toys and general commodities. It also has a mobile telephone network, ASDA Mobile. It has its head office in the ASDA House in Leeds, West Yorkshire.  [3]  ASDA became a subsidiary of the American retail giant Wal-Mart, the worlds largest retailer, in 1999. And today, it is the third largest chain in the UK after Tesco and Sainsburys. In December 2010, 16.5% of UK grocery stores used ASDA for their major shop, with special offers the most bragged motive for its reputation.  [4]   Asda Stores Limited was established with the name of Associated Dairies Farm Stores Limited in year 1949. However, the approval of the Asda name occurred in 1965 with the merger of the Asquith chain of three supermarkets and Associated Dairies; Asda is an abbreviation of Asquith and Dairies, often capitalised. As Asda is subsidiary of Wall-Mart, so the focus of its marketing promotions have frequently been centred only on price, with Asda kept on promoting itself under the slogan of Britains Lowest Priced Supermarket, 13 Years Running. Because it is a wholly owned division of Wal-Mart, so, is not necessary for Asda to announce quarterly or half-yearly earnings. ASDA employs more than 150000, working on its more than 375 locations. The operating income of the company has been declared around  £638 millions last year. Andy Clarke is the chief executive officer of ASDA and Andy Bond is chairman. Asda helped wall-mart getting success and market share in British market.  [5]   Under the leadership of strong people, ASDA has been pretty successful in competing with its rivals in the last many years. Today, although it is ranked on 3rd in terms of market share after Tesco and Sainsbury, still its reputation and public relations have been out standing. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyse the central operational functions of Asda and their associated factors, problems and deficiencies. In this regard, we will discuss the fundamental operations management theories and their application at Asda. We will also try to focus on the operational problems being faced by Asda currently because of increasing competition and financial crisis as well. In this regard, the key operational and functional matter of the company will also come under discussion. Problems and Issues: We have been observing a very sharp decline in the sales of the grocery store and shrinking growth for the last 3years or so, due to the financial crisis. In this scenario, the major problem for the companies is to sustain. For surviving and sustaining in this environment, there are two ways to be adopted. The first one is of increasing the revenues and the other one is of cutting the cost of doing business. In both of matters, the operational management capacity of the organization is challenged and the team is under strict pressure. Competition has also increased and the competitors are trying very hard to gain the market share, in order to retain Asdas market share, so here the company needs to have implemented effective operation management system and tools so that the production of goods and services will be maintained smoothly and customers demand is fulfilled quickly So the focus of this report will not only be on the operations management of the company but also be on the dealing with the aftermaths of financial crisis with the help of operations management theories and practices. Operations Management and Value Chain: The concept of value chain is very important from the perspective of operations management. It is the fundamental concept on the basis of which all the operations building, is erected. Michael Porter is considered as the father of the value chain philosophy. He coined the idea of value chain in his book Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance (1985). This idea brought about a very positive change in modern day strategic management and marketing. Nowadays all successful companies give due importance to the concept of value in service delivery. Value means a mental perception of a product/service by the customer for which he is paying the price. A person estimates the value by a simple equation; Value = Benefit/cost.  [6]  The concept of value is understood to be a core idea in marketing and strategic management. Many theories revolve around this concept of value; like value chain analysis and profit value chain etc. The concept of service value chain is pretty similar to the Porters value chain idea. There is just a slight difference between them in terms of their practical implementation. For getting the true insight about these two models; fist we should understand the Porters value chain model. Porter argued that the customer; when he pays the price for the product or service, he is not basically paying for the product or services. He is paying the price of the perceived value which is delivered to him by the provider. If his benefits estimation exceeds the cost of the product or service, he will be satisfied and vice versa. So the core area of concentration in marketing must be to enhance the value so that the customer may be satisfied and come back again for the same value.  [7]   Value is not added on the corporate level. It is added from the operational level and with the efficient interlinks of the various functions. An organization is involved in two sorts of functions; the primary and core functions and the support functions. With the proper integration of the functions it can achieve the superior value. This diagram will further elaborate the Porters value chain model. The primary functions include inbound logistics (Warehousing raw material), operations (Process of converting raw material into finished goods), outbound logistics (finished goods inventory packaging), marketing and service (selecting a target market and fulfilling its demand and after sales service provision etc.) While the support functions include the firm infrastructure, (its design, polices and procedures) HRM (hiring people, firing and training them etc.) Technology (technology enabled management to deliver quality and value), and procurement (purchase and warehousing). Now we look at these main operations management functions separately, along with their complete reference to the organization of our concern. The Value Chain of ASDA: Inbound Logistics: The Inbound logistics operations of Asda are presented in its totally inclined and agile form and also show the commitment of the overall low price strategic management o. As the company is among the major market players so it has the place and economies of scope which are considered as the key bargaining powers, it helps to achieve low costs through the suppliers of the company. The up-gradation of the IT and other functions of the company is a routine matter and with the improved order-taking system, the company has made it among leaders. Out bound Logistics: Asda is also working with all retail segments, physical ones, online and offline ones. As it is a subsidiary of Wall-mart, so it has to operate directly with all of the operations included in outbound logistics. The companies is always keen to of develop processes and tools to produce and distribute the goods and services effectively and efficiently. Asda has designed a variety of formats and types related to the stores, it will be implemented strategically with the aim of maximum exposure of the customer. The formats include the Express, Superstores, Metro, Extra and Homeplus, these ranges are divided and segmented according to the target customers  [8]  . Marketing and Sales Programs: Asda has also introduced incentives and various schemes for the benefit of the customers. Issues related to the environment, climate changes, public awareness, reduction of waste and the carbon footprint involved in the preparation of the meals. The company is always striving to satisfy the customers and makes them happy. This indeed has helped it gain greater respect in the eyes of the customers. Services: Asda is following what wall-mart is doing; the price leadership. The famous slogan of always low price depicts the philosophy of wall-mart. It is also implementing the strategies related to cost leadership and differentiation, the aim is to improve the customer service. The focal point of the value chain here is, is to create a valuable service which may result in a high degree of value as compared to the other service providers. Asda has some very efficient strategies that are streamlined to apply the useful services in order to keep the customers. The main focus here is to reduce the cost of production and operations and hence gain a leadership position. There are some problems in the system, but can be resolved with the proper research and development. Technological Factors: In todays globalized world, the leadership in the business can only be achieved through leadership in technology. Technology is an effective way to make the business more efficient, effective. It may happen that sometimes extra efficient use of technology may produce negativity, however this can be minimized. Asda has to take into consideration lots of matters related to technology, but as the technology is among major macro-environmental variable and it has influenced development of the Asdas products and services. Few years back when Wall-mart invested around $6 billion in its IT function to introduce RFID, they also introduce the same in Asda as well. This has increased service orientation of the business and customers are delighted. So we can say that technology is very important ingredient in gaining advantage over competitor in the operations management. Information Technology and Integration: Innovative technology has helped companies and the customers, in various functions and ultimately the rate of customer satisfaction has increased. Now the desired products and goods are available easily. Companies have individualized their services to make the customer happy, and hence the grocery shopping has become pretty suitable with easy access. Asda works on the Customer is Always Right policy to improve its service orientation and has installed various IT gadgets to make the system more efficient. Here is a list of those technology gadgets, which are being used by Asda in its business operations to make the customer more satisfied. Self Check-out machines. Wireless Devices. Electronic Shelf and Labeling Electronic Tracker Electronic Fund Transfer System Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). These technologies have increased the value of these activities being performed in stores and making it more efficient. Now you have all kinds of solutions available under one roof of Asda. I.T. Integration: In this challenging time, the corporations are facing a rapidly increasing rivalry with changing environment and business tendencies. For long term survival in the business, the companies have to predict the change and adopt it as well. To endure and compete in this modern world it is compulsory to innovate in the technology, operational processes and improvement in the products and services. When you are in the business of retailing, you have to keep these things in your mind. You have to ensure; Proper Implementation of the systems to control and record all the stock. Arranged record of all the previously delivered products. Analysis of every business transactions properly. The above mentioned are some factors that should be analyzed properly, as IT has many solutions that are beyond the traditional support role. Asda should also have adequate execution of extranet service it will be beneficial for the company. Here the internet will help to create customers circle and flow of customized information among the business partners and the company. Asda has taken an initiative to introduce the extranet system. The system can provide connection with the business partners online and provides the opportunity to build relationships with the partners and delivering the easiest way of accessing the retailing services of Asda. There are many technological advances and systems that can support business operations. Asda has implemented some which includes like wireless devices, intelligent scale, electronic shelf labeling, self checkout machine and radio frequency identification systems. These systems can help the company in achieving its long term and short term goals and also the target to control the cost of operational processes and provide proper control upon the volume of the products and services. Store and Inventory Management: The inside store inventory management system of Asda is very effective because of the RFID technology used to store the information of the inventory and dealers information is also available with them which helps in making the process much reliable. Channels management system: The way it deals with its suppliers and other business partners that is really recommendable. As we discussed early that, value chain means to take care of not only your own value but he value chain of your network partner. Asda is working with a vast variety of suppliers across the world, being a major retailer with a diverse range of products and employed employees from very different ethnic groups and cultures. It is included in the policy of the company that it should maintain very healthy relationships with the suppliers and work with mutual concerns. The addition of technology in controlling the work pattern with the suppliers can improve the communication of the company with the suppliers. Asda has a good network of communication with the suppliers because of Wall-mart but still it need to improve and add a technology that will be easily accessible by the suppliers and understandable also at the same time. The communication network should be very clear and effective between the supplier and the company. The record of all the required products should be clearly mentioned by the company to the supplier it will help in building a long term business. The contractors in the loop will be able to promote the orders and it will improve the conditions and steps included in the supply chain. However, we see some loop holes in trade union relationship. In August 2005, the manager of a depot in Wakefield spoke out what were called foreign-sounding names over the communal address system ordering them to report instantaneously to the managers office. At least one was threatened with the sack unless he produced his passport the next day. The highly public initiative by management, which came within weeks of the 7 July bombings in London was followed by a flurry contempt for Muslims and their religion.  [9]   Loop Holes in the System: In December 2007 Asda, Sainsburys and other retailers admitted to price fixing dairy products between 2002 and 2003. Asda commented, Everyone at Asda regrets what happened, particularly as we are passionate about lowering prices. Our intention was to provide more money for dairy farmers, who were under severe financial pressure at the time. So far in total these retailers have been fined  £116  million. Apart from this, we can see some of these problems Asda is leader brand and has massive business around the world. The strategies to control the business and increase the customer satisfaction and maximize the revenues are the ultimate goal of the company. There are some issues that are found within the company that are follows: Lack of expertise. No record maintenance of the stock. Slow delivery to the customers Logistics deficiency No proper control of distribution channels. Recommendations: On the basis of the secondary data it has been proved that Flexibility in the work place is required because than the change will be adopted easily. The cost structure is varied at multiple places. In order to implement some efficient functions following steps should be taken: Customer Service Strategic Procurement Supplier Connectivity and Order Fulfilment Manufacturing Flow Portfolio Management Sales Cycle Efficiency Reduction in unproductive time Long term plans should be made related to technology The above mentioned factors are at the initial level in the Asda company and can be handled very easily as Asda has many excellent and efficient ways to solve major problems. Asda also always takes care of its systems and processes but the only problem is the adoption of change which is very slow. Asda is a very large company which includes a large number of technological systems that are developed for the benefit of the company. Company also believes in fast transactions but the delivery process is still very slow in many areas, the customer order is sometimes ignored also due to lack of a communication tool. Approach to Operations Improvement Effective operations and processes allow a business to maximize its efficiency as well as revenues. It is necessary to understand the optimizing and streamlining the business activities and processes so that the output can be maximized. The processes should be built purely for the purpose of maximizing the customer satisfaction, profitability and increase effectiveness in the output. To deliver the right good at the right place on the right time is the ultimate goal of the company but deeply requires the integration of the supply chain management and business processes and the contribution of buyers and suppliers, also joint product development, common systems within the company franchises and frequently shared information with the customers, suppliers and vendors.

Othello, the Image Machine Essay -- Othello essays

Othello, the Image Machine  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare’s drama Othello presents a full panoply of diverse imagery that cannot be described briefly. Let’s spend some attention on this subject which has so many examples in the play.    Alvin Kernan’s â€Å"Othello: an Introduction† explains how the â€Å"symbolic geography† imagery of the play create a particular image of space and time:    We can begin to see this pattern in the â€Å"symbolic geography† of the play. Every play, or work of art, creates its own particular image of space and time, its own symbolic world. The outer limits of the world of Othello are defined by the Turks – the infidels,   the unbelievers, the â€Å"general enemy† as the play calls them – who, just over the horizon, sail back and forth trying to confuse and trick the Christians in order to invade their dominions and destroy them. Out beyond the horizon, reported but unseen, are also those â€Å"anters vast and deserts idle† of which Othello speaks. Out there is a land of â€Å"rough quarries, rocks and hills whose heads touch heaven† inhabited by â€Å"cannibals that each other eat† and monstrous forms of men â€Å"whose heads grow beneath their shoulders.† (76-77)    There is no shortage of imagery in the play; this is for certain. Critic Caroline Spurgeon in â€Å"Shakespeare’s Imagery and What it Tells Us† sorts through the plethora of imagery in the play:    The main image in Othello is that of animals in action, preying upon one another, mischievous, lascivious, cruel or suffering, and through these, the general sense of pain and unpleasantness is much increased and kept constantly before us. More than half the animal images in the play are Iago’s, and all these are contemptuous or repellent: a plague of flies, a qua... ...ore Evans. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974.    Kernan, Alvin. â€Å"Othello: and Introduction.† Shakespeare: The Tragedies. Ed. Alfred Harbage. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1964.    Mack, Maynard. Everybody’s Shakespeare: Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press, 1993.    Muir, Kenneth. Introduction. William Shakespeare: Othello. New York: Penguin Books, 1968.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.    Spurgeon, Caroline. â€Å"Shakespeare’s Imagery and What it Tells Us.† Shakespearean Tragedy. Ed. D. F. Bratchell. New York: Routledge, 1990.    Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Canada: University of Toronto Press, 1957.